Ephemeral anchors
Ephemeral anchors are a proposal to allow some transactions to be relayed even if they don’t pay any transaction fee, provided they’re relayed as part of a package containing a child transaction which pays a fee sufficient for the entire package.
The proposal is built on top of the v3 transaction relay proposal. A v3 transaction containing as little as
zero fee that has a zero-value output paying OP_TRUE as the entire script
would be accepted when included in a relay package with a fee-paying child.
This allows anyone on the network to use that output as the input to a child transaction. This allows anyone to create the fee-paying child, even if they don’t receive any of the other outputs from the parent transaction. This allows ephemeral anchors to function as fee sponsorship but without requiring any consensus changes.
Ephemeral anchors is envisioned to be used with contract protocols such as LN where transactions are signed by the contract participants a long time before they are broadcast, preventing the participants from determining an appropriate feerate to use. Instead, any participant (or several acting together) can use the ephemeral anchor output as the input to a child transaction which adds fees at the time the transaction is broadcast. This is similar to the anchor outputs added to LN in 2021-22, based on the CPFP carve out relay rule.
Primary code and documentation
Optech newsletter and website mentions
2023
- Making ephemeral anchor spends with non-malleable txids
- LN developer discussion about multiple relay policy topics, including ephemeral anchors
- Bitcoin Inquisition #23 adds part of the support for ephemeral anchors
- Ephemeral anchors compared to
SIGHASH_GROUP
2022
- Ephemeral anchors implementation
- Ephemeral anchors
- Proposed additional rules for v3 transaction relay to assist CPFP fee bumping